Diffused-heat-radiation apparatus or oven



D. GUELBAUIVI.`

mFFusEn HEAT RAmAnoN APPARATUS 0R ovEN.

APPLICATION FILED APH-181192- 1 ,409,293. A Patented Mar. M, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l. fl

PAFEN FSFQE.

DAVID GUELBA'UM, 0F SYRAGUSE, NEW'v YORK.

DIFFUSED-HEAT-MDIATION APPARATUS OR OVEN.

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Specification of Letters Patent. Patented ltiar. 14, 1922 Application mea .april is, i921. serial No. 462,371.

ation apparatus or oven, for industrial and domestic service, such as evaporating, drying, hot air circulation cooking, baking, etc., has for its object the more perfect, eflicient and convenient production of the above processes, on a large or small scale, with considerable saving in time and fuel.

The design of my diffused heat radiation apparatus or. oven,y is based on a special corollary to one of the basic thermal properties of bodies, namely:

The thermal property-In a system of bodies of different temperatures heat moves from the high temperature bodies to the low temperature ones, by radiation, as well as by direct conduction.

The corollary- If the'outer surface of a hollow metal ball be thoroughly insulated by non-conducting covering, so that no heat could pass from it outside, then, a body suspended inside such a ball will receive, by radiation, all the heat imparted to that ball and diffused over its interior surface.

Heat transmission by such diffused radiation method possesses the following advantages over all other methods now in practice: Y

1. The heat is simultaneously transmitted all over the surface of the body to be heated.

2. The heated body has `n0 contact with the vcombustion gases, hence no dirt, no soot, no corrosion.

B. Experiment shows that heat transmission over the whole surface of a heated body by such a method of diffused radiation takes place with greater velocity and penetrability than by direct contact with high temperature combustion gases vot but a portion of the surface of the body to be heated, as is now the common practice.

My invention comprises the above set forth novel features, embodied in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed, and as shown on the ac- Fig, 1 shows a sectional elevation of -my.

diffused heat radiation apparatus.-

Fig. 2 shows a top view of the air sh-utter plate on top of the apparatus.

Fig. 3 is a top view ofthe central bracket supporting the insulating jacket.

Fig. 4 is a cross section of the vapor outlet valve at top of the apparatus.

Fig, 5 shows a top view of said vapor outlet valve. f

Fig.l 6 shows a top view of the lifting handles of the apparatus.

Fig. 7 shows a sectional elevation and top view of the supporting lugs and pins of the apparatus. f

Fig. 8 shows a fractional top View of the carrier gratings inside the apparatus and the way they are supported.

Fig, 9 shows a cross lsection of the thermometer casing on top of theapparatus.

.Fig 10 shows the bottom view of lmy apparatus.

Fig. 11 shows a sectional elevation of the ring and base of my apparatus provided with light sheet metal insulating jackets instead of cast on ones. v

Fig. 12 shows a sectional elevation of'an insulated panforjthevapparatusto rest on for preserving its v heat after the heating has been completed.

Fig, 13 shows asectionalv elevation of a simplified form of my apparatus with a com- {non frying pan used as a heat absorbing ase. Fig. 14 shows an enlarged View in-section of the.thermometer bottom with its adjusting wire,'.on' top of the apparatus.

My apparatus or even consists of three radiation chamber namely:

1. A heat absor ing base, which receives heat direct from; the prime source, the combustion gases, andtransmits it further in the form 'of diffused heat all over the in- ;erior surface of the, closed radiation cham- 2.,One orY more intermediate extension rings or compartments.

l3'. flhe upper dome provided with 'a central vapor outlet, hot air circulation device and a temperature indicator.

As seen on Fig. 1' the heat absorbin'gbase consists' of the preferabl essential parts, forming combinedly a closed tapered ring 1 with the closed, preferab y curved, bottom 2 and the cast on or attached to jacket 3, with the space between closed at top and bottom by means of the cast on or attached to plate 4 5, and filled up with heat 1nsulating composition. The sheet metal plate 5 is fastened to the bottom of the ring with screws (not shown).

The curved bottom 2 is provided with a numberof the heat absorbing webs 6, preferably tapered, as shown in elevation on Fi l and in plan on Fig-10 Sheet 2.

hese webs are shown on Fig. 1 as resting on a closed Ahigh temperature gas burner, described in my pat. application Ser. No. 435,185. But any burner, or a plain coal and wood fire, may be used as the prime source of heat.

On top of the heat absorber rests freely the extension ring 7, with the cast on or attached to jacket 8, with the space between closed at top and bot'tom by means of the attached to or cast on plates 9-10, and filled up with heat insulating composition. The sheet metal plate 9 is here shown as sprung in into dove tailed grooves.

One only extension ring or compartment is shown on Fig. 1; but there may be inserted as many as desired.

On top ofthe extension rings rests freely the dome 11 with the bottom flange 12 and the cone top 13, surrounded by the two concentric light sheet metal jackets 11i-15 andi the two top cover jackets 16-17, with the space between these jackets filled up with heat insulating composition.

' All three, the absorber, extension ring and dome, are provided with the overlapping flange 18 for their mutual correct centering when assembled.

They are also provided each with the two handles 19, shown in section on Fig. 1 and in plan on Fig. 6, by which each part of the apparatus can be lifted and replaced as needed. The slots in these handles serve for passing a belt through to carry the apparatus wit-hin its ensemble, in case of travelling or camping.

In addition to its two handles 19 the absorbing base is also provided with'the lugs 20, shown on Fig. 7 in section and in plan, of which there are four. These lugs hold the pins 21 set screwed at any position and serving as supporting legs of adjustable height, when wanted.

The extensionrings are provided with the four rows of pegs 22, which may be cast on direct, or four continuous strips may be cast on and afterwards grooved out into pegs.

These pegs carry the grating 23, consisting of light sheet metal strips notched in half in half, as shown in section on Fig. 1 and fractionally in plan on Fig. 8.

On this grating is placed the container or utensil to be heated, which thus may be raised or lowered together with the grating, as needed.

Likewise, the absorbing base is provided with the cast on pegs 24-25 and the mov' able grating 26, as shown on Fig. 1, for supporting a container or utensil, which, ac cording to the principle of diffused heat radiation, must not be in contact with the interior surface of the radiation chamber, hence cannot be placed directly on the bottom of the absorbing base.

The dome at its top terminates with the flanged nozzle 27 extending higher up to 27 above its flange 28. On this flange 28 rests the central bracket serving as an air inlet valve 29 with its horizontal flange 33, shown in section on Fig. 1 and in plan on Fig. 3. Its upper inclined flange 30 supports the cover jacket 16 held in place by the bent cover 34, while its lower inclined flange 3l with the webs 32 support the cover jacket 17 and together close up the insulation space between the concentric jackets 16-17.

The upper horizontal flange 33 of the air inlet valve resting on the flange 28 of the dome nozzle is provided with four openings for air inlet, as shown on Figs. 1-3.

Over these air openings revolves the air shutter plate 35, Vshown in section on Fig. 1 and Vin plan on Fig. 2. By turning the air shutter 35 one way or the other, the air inlets inthe flange 33 are closed or opened as much as desired. The movement of the air shutter plate 35 is limited by a groove in the plateengaging a pin, as indicated on he entering outside air traverses the narrow concentric space between the dome walls 13-11 and the jackets 17--15, gets heated and is drawn into the interior of the dome through the numerous slots 36 at the bottom of the'dome, spreads over the dried, baked or toasted product inside and is carried ofi' together with the vapors through the four longitudinal slots in the top nozzle 27 Around the top nozzle 27 above its fiange 28 rotates the vapor outlet sleeve or valve 37, having four slots like those in the top nozzle 27', as shown on Figs. 1-4-5. To prevent the vapor shooting out radially through these slots, they are enclosed by the protecting shields 38 cast lon or attached to the sleeve 37.

By turning the vapor valve 37 one way or the other, the slots in the top nozzle 27 are closed or opened as much as desired. The movement of the valve is limited by the pin and groove, shown on Figs'. 1-5.

The rings 39 are washers taking up the friction in the turning of the air shutter plate 35 and the valve 37.

The top nozzle 27 of the dome is provided with a thermometer of unbreakable construction, giving the exact temperature of the escaping vapors and ofthe dome interior at its top.

As shown onFigs. 1 and 9 the glass pipe 40 containing the mercury column is encased in the metal frame 41 with' the scale plate 42. The frame 41 terminates at its bottom into the hub 43 securely screwed into the top of the nozzle 27. the fitting piece 44 with its extension 44 reaching downward into the metallic in ercury well 45 which is screwed onto the fitting 44.

Into the top of the fitting 44 is tightly fitted in, `or cemented in, the bottom of the glass pipe 40; below it the bore of the fitting 44 is the sameas that of the glass pipe.

The volume vof the mercury within the metallic well 45 is adjusted to suit tlfe scale plate calibration for the requiredltemperature limits by adjusting the length of a wire wound on the dipped into the wellextension fitting 44 as shown on Fig. 14.

On Fig. 11, Sheet 2, theabsorbing base and the extension rijn are shown provided with light sheet metal ackets, instead of cast on ones. The insulating composition is introduced through the holes shown in the top flanges.

Fig. 12, for use as an accessory part of the radiation apparatus in domestic service. Its outer constructionA is the same as that of the absorbing base shown on Fig. 1; internally it has a closed bottom cast on and a closed top by a sheet metal plate sprung into a dovetail groove with the space between filled up with insulation composition.

After the desired temperature within the radiation chamber has been reached and lasted for a while, the burner may be replaced by the insulatorbase Fig. 11 which insulates the bottom of the apparatus, and

the interior contents will retain that tem. perature for many hours, as in a tirelessy cooker.

Fig. 13, Sheet 2, shows the radiation-kap?" paratus as 'adopted for,v simplified] home- The thermometer isY replaced by a.;

service. plug; the air inlet valve with the4 interior jacket, provided for hot air circulation', vare dispensed with, and the special heat absorbing base is'replaced by thecommon frying an. p In order to adapt the top of the latter vto the extension'ring and the dome bottoms, the ianged sheet metal plate ring 46 is litted to the top of the common frying pan, as shown. The outer ilange of the plate is notched out at 47 to clear the frying pan handle 48.

To prevent heat dissipation from the outer side surface of the frying pan the bent bottom plate 49 is joined to the top plate 46,l as shown, and fastened with a few screws.

The air space between the plates 46 and 49 may be left empty, or may be filled up with insulating composition. The grating 50, of same construction as shown on Fig. 8, rests with its four corners on the tapered sides of the frying pan.

Into the hub 43 is screwed in l' Sheet 2, shows an insulator base' diifused radiation for industrial service, its.

applicationY in my apparatus to domestic service for cooking, baking, etc., has still advantages:

`What I claim is:

1. A diffused heat radiation apparatus or oven, comprising a heat absorbing base having a closed ribbed bottom and provided with a heat insulating jacket, an extension ring provided with an over lapping flange at its bottom resting on top of said base and having an insulating jacket outside and carrier gratings inside, a dome w,ith an over lapping -flange at its bottom resting o n tp of said extension ring and terminating at its top with a vapor. outlet nozzle and provided with double insulating jackets, a central bracket on top of .said dome for supporting and securing said double insulating jackets and for air lnlet, niean's for circulating and heating air between said dome and its inner,v

jacket, means for temperature indicating of 4 escaping vapor, 'avapor outlet regulating valve surrounding' said dome nozzle, sub! 'lifting handles and supporting Alugs with ad- 'jus'tabl'efsetscrewed -bolts and' with pegs inside for holding a carrier grating for utensil support, an extension ring on top of said base, a dome on, top of saidextension ring with insulating jackets, means for-supporting said dome jackets and for air circulation between said dome Vand its inner jacket, a vapor outlet regulating valve on top of said dome', vsubstantially as and for the purpose described'. 1

B. A diii'used heat radiationapparatus ,or

oven, comprising a'heat absorbing base, and

'an extension ring resting on topof said base with open top and bottom and provided with an over lapping tla'ng'ejat its bottom with lifting handles andan insulating jacket and with carrier 'gratings resting on pegs inside,

a dome on top of said. extension ringwith 'a centralY bracket and a'temperature indicator, a vapor outlet valve on top of said dome, substantially as, and for the purpose set forth. j

4. A diffused heat radiation apparatus or oven, comprising a heat absorbing base, an extension ring on top of said base, and a V vapor outlet with a screwed in thermometer on top and provided at its bottom flange `with lifting handles and circular ribs for holding double insulating jackets with an air space between inner jacket and dome and provlded with slots at bottom of said air space for drawing in the heated airinto the dome interior, means for securely holding Asaid insulating jackets and for regulating the air inlet into said air space, a vapor outlet regulating valve surrounding the top nozzle of said dome, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. A ditfusedheat radiation apparatus or oven, comprising a heat absorbing base, an extension ring on top V`of said base, a dome on top of said ring provided with a vapor outlet nozzle on top anged in the middle and with double insulating jackets forming an air space between inner jacket and dome,

and a central bracket comprising a sleeve with an inside flange resting on top of said dome nozzle iiange and provided withl inlet openings and an air shutter plate on top leading to said air space-around the dome and having beveled anges and ribs with al beveled plate Washer on top for securely holding the upper ends o f said double insulating jackets around the dme, a vapor outletvave surrounding the top nozzle of said dome, substantiallyas and for the purpose described. l

6. A diffused heat radiation apparatus or oven, comprising a heat absorbingv base, an extension ring on top of said base, a dome on top of said rin having a nozzle on top flanged in the mid le and slotted above supporting a thermometer and a central bracket, and a vapor outlet valve slotted and surrounding said slotted nozzle on top of the dome and provided with protecting shields over said slots and with a groove and pin for limiting its rotation, substantially as and 4 for the purpose set forth.`

In testimony whereof., I have hereunto signed my name, at Syracuse, in the county Vof Onondaga, and State of New YorkY tlm-'Fg 16th day of April, 1921.

DAVID GUELBAUM; 

